Episode 3

1. According to Krukowski, what are the main differences between a microphone and a cellphone and why is this difference important?                                                                                    the sounds of our voices on the phones are getting worst when we switching to digital cellphones, the mini mics on the cellphone are much sensitive from the mics we used on the analog phones. cellphones don’t transmit the full range of sound picked up by their mics instead they digitally process these sounds and remove unnecessary data. so cellphones don’t transmit the feeling and the other sounds because digital machines focus on transferring the sounds, not the feeling but analog phones transmit everything and we can get closer to it or far from it to transmit feelings with our sounds.                                                                                                        
2. What do Krukowski and Gary Tomlinson, the professor he interviews, assert about the “musical” qualities of the voice and how are these changed by digital transmission?                     the musical qualities go way back to thousands of centuries before language and these music qualities are what we need it to survive, to make social organizations, and love. these qualities are changed with digital technology, voices are being transmitted in data form without the music tune so there are no more feelings. both of them are talking about the significance of the music tune on the sounds and cellphones don’t transmit what analog phones used to transmit to make us feel one another present.                                                      
3. What is the significance of Krukowski’s comments on the voice to ideas about community and interpersonal connection?                                                                                                                Kurkowski’s comments are important to understand how we used to communicate before digital technology especially cellphones because before the cellphones we used analog phones with mics and we used to feel each other present and feel the flirt in our voices,  cellphone carry the voices but not emotions, people used to talk hours on analog phones and that all was before the invention of the cellphones.                                                                   
   

   Episode 4

4. Krukowski begins by discussing the issue of music file sharing. What is your opinion on this issue? Should music be freely available or should one have to pay?                                                  before technology bands needed to travel from one place to another to play their music and making some money and that was fun for them but nowadays things are changed and music is traveling through the internet and bands don’t need to travel from country to country to play music. musicians play music either for fun or for money. I agree that we should pay because musicians work hard to create this art and I don’t think if they share it for free they could continue producing more music because everything in our life cost money.                                                                                                                                                              
5. How does this episode represent the relationships between music, community, and culture?                                                                                                                                                        music carries singers’ words, feelings, and messages to the community, and the community is the people who are affected and reflected by these feelings and words. so if the music were about love and feelings, it will reflect feelings on our culture but if it were sexual, it will reflect badly on our culture. so music, community, and culture are all connected.                                                                                                                                                            
6.   does charging money for music impede the formation of communities around this music or does it help support the circulation of music?                                                                                      music is immortal because when we play it flews through the air. producing companies are profitable companies so they make music and records to make profits but it might be different to some singers who believe they shouldn’t charge for there music. financial support is important to help support the circulation of music. music logo, label, and the efforts that musicians put to create their music do cost and they do that for living. in order to keep producing music we musicians need financial support and by charging they can create more and more music and they will keep the circulation of music.

1. When you use a microphone, it sounds clear and you are able to speak to a big group of people. Also, you are talking to people face to face. When you use a cellphone, you are the person who you dial to. With that, only that person can hear your conversation. Also, cell service is not good and sometimes you can’t hear what the person said.

2. In the interview they talked about the quality of singing and the tone of the voice. How it can influence the way people are listening to the music. However, due to the effect of digital transmission sometimes you have a good connection but a few min you will get cut off for a bit. With that, it can be hard to understand, or it can discount you from your r call.

3. The distance with connecting with people around the world has improved with its technology. We can speak with people who are many miles apart around the world. This help us to connect our voice to each other.

4. This is a difficult question to answer for many reasons, to pay for music or to make music for free brings me into a stand skill. When you first look at his course, you would believe that music should be free and who wouldn’t want free items. However, what about the person who created the music? They had to spend their free time and money to just produce it and that is not cheap. I personally believe that many musical artists would not create music for free. Like everybody usually say, “Time is money”. I’ve seen the prices for CDs, they usually go for $10 -$20, but there are some that goes over $50. I believe, there should be a medium with the prices for this music. If there are more people wouldn’t mind buying it and the artist can keep making music and make money out of it as well.

5. The podcast informed us that music, community, and culture are all connected in many ways. It can affect and shape the way music is created. For example, in Japan they had Gagaku an old Japan’s musical traditions which included music and dance. This is one of many types of example of how people try to find inspiration make music. They will look at the culture of others and they will make music that can influence in that culture. Also, they can even change and shape into a different style of music by taken the culture of the music and change it into something else.

6. I believe that charging money would impede the formation of the music communities around the world. This is because the time and money it takes into creating music takes a while. With this, it will help the music communities to keep creating more music since they will have money in their pockets and is able to feed there loves one. If not, they will quit to create music and find a job so they can be able to live.

Episodes 3 & 4

Episode 3

1. According to Krukowski, what are the main differences between a microphone and a cellphone and why is this difference important?

When people use Microphone, that can give other feelings about the speaker that are very close to them. For example, most radio uses a very professional system to record their video in a very quiet room. The high quality of voice pulles the distance between speaker and listener. cell phones have become a necessity in people’s lives because it lets people talk everywhere. The quality is not very highl and technology changes the voice of people when people talk on the phone. Microphone and cellphone both are important. They are just usd in different conditions or different ways. Cell Phones improve communication. 

     2. What do Krukowski and Gary Tomlinson, the professor he interviews, assert about the “musical” qualities of the voice and how are these changed by digital transmission

Gary Tomlinson believes that people have already lost some language skill when we use digital transmission because when people who are separate far away have to use digital transmission, it causes people to lose some feeling. Digital transmission depends on their data reading and analysis to transmit. When people speak, they have feelings, but digital only stransmit what they read, not feelings. In addition, digital transmission causes people to have lower ability to distinguish because the voice of people has been changed. Digital transmission is Compressing the sound and then transmitting it reduces the quality of the sound.

3. What is the significance of Krukowski comments on the voice to ideas about community and interpersonal connection?

High-quality voices can make people want to get close to each other. This idea is attracted by the voice. If you have a high-quality voice, you will naturally have a lot of listeners, or people like to communicate with them. But the thing is a cellphone use high technology and pulls people together also, and a cellphone is sensitive with voice, maybe when people talk on the phone, they only can hear the voice, not all the sounds such as background. 

Episode 4

1. Krukowski begins by discussing the issue of music file sharing. What is your opinion of this issue? Should music be freely available or should one have to pay? 

I hope it is available for everyone, but it is not possible. I Hope music can be free to anyone because people can have spiritual communication through music, also can through communication because of the language.  Music as a theme, let us around it, when people around the music, people will have a feeling, this feeling can be warm and also can be sad. However, in today’s society when there is no anything free, from basic life to high-quality enjoyment, from daily necessities to luxury gifts, money is at the disposal of everything, so all are measured by money. In addition, when music is created which means people will spend money to get it, it is very similar to “ways of seeing” women in the oil painting of the west, and adviseverment in people’s lives which means people get, it represents something in their mind. Enjoying and process can be many various ways. We depend on paying some money to make sense of being, and the creator and company control both people and music. That is what happened right now. 

    2. How does this episode represent the relationships between music, community, and culture?

Music is action recording. When creators try to produce, they have feelings or the music is their experience. I like their stories and want to share them with people.  They depend on sharing feelings, sharing experience with people. Music is recording about history and culture because music comes from people’s lives.  This is invisible and this is feeling. However, when music becomes an industry, it feels like it’s gone, and what’s left is profit, and people become concerned about money and forget about music.

3. Does charging money for music impede the formation of communities around this music or does it help support the circulation of music?

When music and money are related to each other, money changes the original value of music. It promotes the development of digital because people gradually accept the form of digital music. But this gives music very few opportunities, and digital concerts are gradually replacing music. This is actually very contradictory. The interaction between digital music and music may be best combined with each other.

Episodes 3 and 4

Episode: 3

1. According to Krukowski, what are the main differences between a microphone and a cellphone and why is this difference important?

According to Krukowski, with the microphone we can control the proximity effect of our tone such as our breath and the distance, but cellphone doesn’t not have proximity effect. Also, he mentions that our sound on the phone is sometimes worse, there is not sensitivity and being near of far from the phone is almost the same voice. Many of the speakers during the episode recognize that they can spend hours in the microphone but cannot do the same with the cellphone. Krukowski said, there are many sound’s details omitted with the cellphone and one of the most important aspect is the communication feeling.

2. What do Krukowski and Gary Tomlinson, the professor he interviews, assert about the “musical” qualities of the voice and how are these changed by digital transmission?

The Professor Gary Tomlinson says that one of the most interesting point during a communication is the musical aspect of the language, the tone of the speech. He adds that many linguists are not paying attention to that remarque and they only focus on syntax and grammar. Krukowski emphasis that we are losing the non-verbal quality of our language by using digital transmission. Technology system has a long way to pursue in order to record perfectly every details of human being voice.

3. What is the significance of Krukowski’s comments on the voice to ideas about community and interpersonal connection?

In the Krukowski’s comment, we can understand that digital tools fail in many ways to transmit exactly our tone to our interlocutor. For that reason, face to face communication is essential to realize the feeling of the sound of the voice. For example, we heard people say “I recognize your voice” that mean, it is not only the words and be able to communicate but they acknowledge the music of the voice.

Episode: 4

4. Krukowski begins by discussing the issue of music file sharing. What is your opinion of this issue? Should music be freely available, or should one have to pay? 

In the music industry, songs file sharing is a big issue for musicians and producers. These artists are working hard to create something for the public and some producers are investing a lot money in the music. Therefore, musicians should benefit for their copy wright as do for example books writers and inventors. If someone share a music file with others, that practice cannot helps the singer to make money. The music should not be freely available unless the government or other companies buy the product and make it available in the internet. Music industry should be considered as a business, for that reason the society should buy songs in order to let artists have revenue.

5. How does this episode represent the relationships between music, community, and culture?

In this episode we see that the music plays an important role in the community but with the digital technology, we have some problem about the copy wright. People used to say that music has no borders, it is one of the best ways to create unity and peace around the world. Also, music is known as the most important aspect for any community to sell or advertise their culture. For example, American singers are very famous around the world.

6. Does charging money for music impede the formation of communities around this music or does it help support the circulation of music?

Charging money for music helps support the circulation of music. In many countries, copying and selling music for only the trader’s interest without the permission of the singer, is considered illegal. We should know that music is also considered as a job for some people who practice it. It isn’t only for fun but, these musicians work hard and spend months to produce the music we are listening. Music industry look like other businesses, these workers or musicians need money to pay their bills and live good live. Of course, I don’t like the overcharging customers for music in order to be the richest person in the world, but we should know that many musicians need the minimum of money to enjoy their life.

Episode 3

1. According to Krukowski, what are the main differences between a microphone and a cellphone and why is this difference important?

• All microphones if you speak closely to them, exaggerate the base ear, chest your tone in your voices. And if you back away from them, they highlight the brass ear clearer tones. On the other hand, the sounds of the voices have gotten worse with the switch to digital. We don’t hear each other clearly despite that the miniature mics in our cellphones are sensitive. No matter how close we hold into our mouths, there is no proximity effect in the cell phones. Everyone hears just as near or just as far as everyone else. Cellphones don’t transmit the whole full range of sounds picked up by their mics. Instead, the digitally process that sound compressing it to remove whatever engineers have decided is unnecessary data. Cellphones can transform recordings into mp3, films into YouTube videos. Cellphones are engineered to communicate our words. Roman Mars tried to show the difference between cell phones and microphones. He wanted people to hear what that sound like a difference. He said that the cell phone is a designed quality and so much worse. When calling your being interrupted by something which is sound problem and why lose a chance to sit with somebody and have great moments together because of the cell phone?

2. What do Krukowski and Gary Tomlinson, the professor he interviews, assert about the “musical” qualities of the voice and how are these changed by digital transmission?
   • Garry Tomlinson believes in our ability to communicate with the nonverbal parts of our voices goes so deep, not only in our memories from childhood, but it’s coded in the genetic makeup of our species. Before we had language, we had utterances with musical qualities that communicated with our ability to survive making social organizations and love. We should encode our language, set it over the internet and make it perceivable. What’s more, what is absent from what gets produced across these technological systems which we have so many these days. Moreover, the miraculous ways in which human beings fill in what is left out. Human beings fill in what is left out hearing you across FaceTime. There’s a lot that is captured from what you’re saying and how you say it. There is a lot of stuff that aren’t there and yet we’re projecting into it, we’re hearing it and instructing you in a way as you are can instruct me, this is an extraordinary capacity. We are always able to recognize voices almost instantaneously even though we are getting a small portion of what these voices would give us if we are standing face to face and hearing them.

3. What is the significance of Krukowski’s comments on the voice to ideas about community and interpersonal connection?
   • Krukowski’s comments that the digital tools make it possible to share our words across great distances, but he thinks that they fail us in so many ways as we try to communicate one to one. Not often are we often left hanging, speaking into the air on one end and listening to nothing in the other. When it works as it should, the voice of our voice across the digital line is limited. He mentioned that our voices are tripped to the minimum we need so we cannot cross the limits to recognize the voice of the caller and what exactly they are saying.

Episode 4

4. Krukowski begins by discussing the issue of music file sharing. What is your opinion of this issue? Should music be freely available or should one have to pay? 
   • No one ever had to pay for recorded music, it was always “free” on the radio and the home taping of LPs, the copying of cassettes and CDs made buying music optional. Now, Spotify, SoundCloud and YouTube make music instantly accessible on demand. I don’t think this is fair for the musicians. Musicians invest time, sweat and tears into their music. A chef or a doctor could do the same, yet they are paid for their services. Some people tend to think that being an artist or musician is a hobby not a job. No, it’s a job and every musician or artist should be paid for their work they do. They have a family to take care of so, taking money away from them is like taking their job that they put their whole life into making. I don’t support file sharing at all as artists and musicians take a lot of time and resources to create albums to put out for people to listen to and enjoy and by sharing it online, you’re basically stealing money right out of their pockets. People don’t think about smaller bands who are just getting out there, who don’t have the same money and resources as most big-name artists. These bands must be paid for everything and Traditional musicians, scholars, lawyers, and cultural organizations should work together to change copyright laws.
5. How does this episode represent the relationships between music, community, and culture?

• Music helps define who we are, creating our communal self-identity. There are many cultural beliefs and that there are many performance practices and standards. Every community or culture has a way of music and dancing. This diversity enriches our lives, broadens our understanding of the world we live in and deepens our appreciation for the music of our own cultures. Each culture has its own traditions, standards and music. There are many reasons for singing. Some cultures use music as a way of meditation, as a way for diagnosing and healing illnesses. Other cultures don’t use music at all. People should understand the differences between each and every country. These differences between each culture make the world a beautiful place where we should be treated equally.

6. Does charging money for music impede the formation of communities around this music or does it help support the circulation of music?

• I think charging money for music helps support the circulation of music. Not paying for something automatically people won’t value it anymore. What’s more, where you spend money shows who you really are. Saying that you love something but not spending money on it is like saying you want a certain candidate to win without voting for them.

1.According to Krukowski, what are the main differences between a microphone and a cellphone and why is this difference important?

The microphone is a digital device which is more complicated than cellphone. It can convey speakers’ or singers’ feelings and emotions. But cellphone is not very good at it which just transfer our voice and words from our mouth to somewhere else. Therefore, it is extremely for musicians to master the skill of microphone in order to make their listeners feel that they are just singing near their ears which is better for listeners to feel musicians’ emotions in music.

2.What do Krukowski and Gary Tomlinson, the professor he interviews, assert about the “musical” qualities of the voice and how are these changed by digital transmission?

The “quality” of the voice is not only about the word you say or sing, it is much more about the feeling or emotions you express which will influence listeners in their minds. However, sometimes the digital transmission will weaken this influence. What you hear is just the words, the emotional and impressive parts of voice disappear in the process of transmission.

3.What is the significance of Krukowski’s comments on the voice to ideas about community and interpersonal connection?

Sometimes due to the distance between people, we can not meet everyone in our life. But our voice can reach further than our bodies. It connects people from different places tightly. Our voice is a kind of media to let us travel around the world.

4.Krukowski begins by discussing the issue of music file sharing. What is your opinion of this issue? Should music be freely available or should one have to pay?

I think there are two sides of music file sharing. The first side, the music sharing is a good thing for those who love music but can’t afford every CDs. Through music file sharing, they can enjoy their favorite music without any cost. The second side, the music file sharing means the music is free for everyone. It is unprofitable for musicians. Some of them will confront financial problems when they produce new albums. The question of the price of music is a little bit difficult to answer. I think it’s all up to you. If you have extra money, you can buy it to support their career. If not, music can be freely available.

5.How does this episode represent the relationships between music, community, and culture?

The relationship between music, community and culture is interrelated tightly. The specific culture will create the specific music. And that specific music will promote community development. Meanwhile, the development of our community will encourage cultural creation.

6.Does charging money for music impede the formation of communities around this music or does it help support the circulation of music?

I think charging money for music will impede the formation of communities around music slightly. Because finance is one of the most significant points in every field. And it is no doubt that it will help support the circulation of music by increasing musicians’ creative motivation.