EPISODE 1 – TIME

1. Krukowski’s main point about how we experience time in the real world versus in the digital time is that the experiences in the analog world are real, are happening in the moment and you can’t pause it, delete it or try again. We benefit from these conveniences of digital time like communicating with your friends no matter where they are but it comes with a sacrifice, we trade real reactions and face to face talks to texting and latency. Krukowski argues that we give up the opportunity to experience time together in the same instant and therefore we lose the opportunity of sharing our individual timing to one another
2. When Krukowsi says that listening has a lot to do with how we navigate space he means that we can have an idea of where we are just by listening to the sounds, each place has sounds characteristics to it for example in a church you will hear bells and a minister giving his sermon. We should be more aware of the sounds that surround us and train our ears to detect where we are without sight.

EPISODE 2 – SPACE

1.  Jeremiah Moss argues that developers in Astor Place are privatizing public space in a very stealth way. When he says that the city is suffering a hyper gentrification he means that some streets and neighborhoods are being changed slowly, being stealth privatized, he puts the example of Astor Place it’s still a public place but you can see security guards walking around and not skating signs, Moss defines a public place as a place where people can do whatever they want to like make protests or somewhere where people can express themselves without having to follow rules set by private companies. He argues that when you are walking looking at a screen you are creating a private bubble for moving through public space, so you can not realize the encroaching of public spaces, people are not paying attention to the changes in their surroundings.
2. In the 1920’s when the cities were starting to modernize, noisy engines, vehicles everywhere, trains and subways running through the cities made it difficult for people who were not used to it. Emily Thompson’s argues that the efforts to control sound in the streets lead to another set of changes to control interior spaces as are concert halls with noise-insulating walls and architecture to reduce reverberation so the people can fully enjoy the concerts without interferences from outside. According to Krukowsi we are using interior sound to create a refugee as in the 1920’s and our digital devices have extended that interior space into the street that mean that with headphones we can listen to whatever we want in any space.
3. Sometimes we are not aware of the changing environment, because we are immersed in our devices like phones and earphones, we look at the screen almost all the time and have our earphones all the time avoiding exterior sounds to interference. Hearing helps us to navigate space, certain sounds gives a place characteristics that makes it unique, often in the big cities sounds like sirens, traffic is annoying so people prefer to be listening to music. With electronic devices we create a private bubble for ourselves not letting sounds and public spaces interfere with your thoughts, this leads to not realizing the changes and the elements in a public space.

sorry for posting this late but the first half of the week is busy for me

Ways of Hearing, Episode 1 & 2

Episode 1

1. What is Krukowski’s main point about how we experience time in the “real” world versus are experiences with “digital” time? Why are these differences significant?

Krukowski explains the change in audio ,in terms of time, since the invention and widespread adoption of digital sound. He explains the elasticity of time in analog sound. When Krukowski made music his recordings sped up at certain times and slowed down at others. It is impossible for humans to keep an exact pace of playing, there is always going to be some level of deviation from the tempo. Digital recordings work at an exact pace. Digital recordings keep the pace to an exact beat, “like figures on a spreadsheet”. This grid-like storage of sounds could be considered perfect pace or one could consider that the lack of living tempo has depreciated the charm of the recording. Krokowski also explains latency. Latency only exists in digital music and it is a lag that exists based on the time digital recordings take to process. In analog sound the vibrations travel through a wire or airspace and directly out of a speaker or to your ear. With digital sound the vibrations have to be processed and translated by a computer which creates a delay.

1. What does Krukowski mean when he says that listening has a lot to do with how we navigate space?

When Krukowski says that listening has a lot to do with how we navigate the space around us, he is referring to how we use our sens of hearing to identify our surroundings. When we walk down the street the are many audio clues as to what is happening around us. In New York City these audio cues are even more important because of the volume of actions all occurring around us. The automobile traffic, the crowded sidewalks of people walking by, and the bicycles riding are all things we need to be aware of when navigating the streets of New York. Krukowski points out that many people today wear headphones that block the sounds of these moving objects and in a sense blind us because we can’t hear. Humans use all of our senses to process what is happening in the world, and according to Krukowski, hearing is extremely important, possibly second only to sight in navigating the space around us.

Episode 2

1. In the interview at the beginning of the episode, Jeremiah Moss argues that developers in Astor Place are “privatizing public space in a very stealth way.” What does he mean by this? What does Moss say about the distinction between public and private space, and why is it important?

Jeremiah Moss says that Astor Place, while still a public space has been privitized. He argues that while anyone is allowed there now there are rules and private security that change the entire fell of the space. Moss comments that in the past Astor Place was a place where “people would protest and there would be public dissent in this space”. Now that there are chain stores all around such as Kmart and CVS, they no longer allow that sort of public display. Krukowski then jokes that even though the area has changed there are still a lot of drugs sold there. He is referring to the Astor Place of years ago, when illicit drugs were sold in the neighborhood, and now there are big chain drug stores.

1. What is the significance of Emily Thompson’s idea that the development of concert halls arose from desires to “control interior spaces”? How is this desire, according to Krukowski, related to earbuds and headphones?

Emily Thompson explains that concert halls and auditoriums arose to capture music but control and eliminate any other sounds. They considered other sounds as noise, so they built large halls like Radio City with walls and surfaces that absorb sound rather than allow the sounds to reverberate. Emily stated that people of that era claimed that walls were a nuisance only to be endured to protect from the weather. Krukowski argues that that desire to control sound and keep out what people consider noise is relevant to people wearing headphones which block out all outside sound. It allows people to only hear the music or other audio and the only space that people navigate with their hearing is inside their head where the music bounces around internally.

1. In your own opinion, what are the key ideas from this episode about the relationship between sound and space? What strikes you as interesting about the ways that sound influences our experience of space

The key idea of this episode is that technology that has materialized to control sound and deliver it directly to our ears has limited our interaction with the world. We now have less of a connection to our surroundings. We are so involved in our own self whether we are busy staring at our phones or just swept up in whatever we are listening to on our earbuds or headphones. This can be evidenced by the selection of headphones at your local electronics store. Most brag of their noise cancelling ability allowing one to completely block their hearing from the outside world and allowing them to disconnect in one more way from their surroundings. Technology has made us all become more internalized, and we all tend to disconnect ourselves much more from the world around us.

Ways of Hearing, Episode 1 & 2

Episode 1

The revolution between the analogue world and the digital world have changed our relationship to the time itself. In the digital world, there was not computers or sophisticate electronic devises. Musicians used to spend times with other musicians to play instruments and record songs in the studio, that moment is considered as a real time. But, during the digital period most of the works are done by using computers. We don’t have anymore musicians performing together to produce songs. Now time is flexible and variable, this new habit has changed our life experience. That mean, one person can sit behind his computer and produce different king of songs by using the digital machine; this time is a machine time.

Nowadays, the digital machine has changed our sociability in the world where we are living. As Krukowski said, the digital is more convenient than analogue instruments, it is easy to produce music and can be also cheap. But this fact has modified the way we share consideration and affection to others. Before, we use to discuss, exchange opinions with other people; that moment create solidarity and union between workers or in our environment.

Episode 2

Jeremiah Moss means that in many spaces in New York, people are not allowed to visit, he makes reference to the security guard who can come to redirect you. He said there is no more sociability in the society; people don’t want to be heard and fell like they are not here.

In this episode, we can understand that the noise in New York City is considered as a challenge that the city wants to control. These noises are coming from cars, busses, trains, musicians etc. Therefore, the city develops concert halls to control interior spaces. These spaces are designed to reduce voices or instruments song in the wall, they employ some new technology to control the acoustic. They are inspired by earbuds and headphones in which the sound of the music is very personal. For that reason, many public spaces where people used to go and enjoy music are close and now these areas are using digital songs to limit the noises.

In my own opinion, it is important to use the modern technology such as digital music because it is not expensive to produce songs and also it can save time. Behind the computer, a composer can produce many music. Also, by using digital equipment we can control the volume of the sound or use earphone to limit the noise. On the other hand, we should not forget to require to our musicians for some special events. It can help to create affection, union, love, relationship etc. between people.

Episode 1

1.  The point Krukowski’s is making in ways of hearing  is that how we experience time in the real world and experience digital time. The differences is that when you experience the real world there was no technology or computers you had to hear your information on the radio but the digital time is people still do listen but not as much as the the modern  era is visualized. These differences is significant because it helps you understand how people is understanding how to hear by information ,music,sports,and even space and how their relating to one another perspective on how people notice.
2. what Damon Krukowski’s means by listening as to do  with how we navigate space because how sound is being projected in the radio and the television the way the sounds travels with its beat. 

Episode 2

1. what Jeremiah Moss means by thew way the Astor place is that to him they are taking advantage by people because how sounds ids being use in company. what Jeremiah moss  say about public and private space  is that public space is for the people can protesters can use their platform in those areas. private space is that people are not allowed in business property. This is important because it keeps the all of the business safe and the way way we can have a better understanding of space.
2. The significance of Emily Thompson idea of the development of concert is that it brings people together in a positive way and how you have fun will learning all of it. It relates to the ear buds and headphones because with ear bud you can hear music but  with headphones you can talk to people.
3. My onion in ways of hearing episode 1&2 about sound and space is that they have some similarities like they way they sound the tone of the beat. the sound that Influence from space is interesting because you hear the countdown when the rocket ship is going up into space and you hear the fire of the bottom of the rocket.

Episode 1

1. What is Krukowski’s main point about how we experience time in the “real” world versus are experiences with “digital” time? Why are these differences significant?

According to Krukowski, he thinks real time is live time and digital time is machine time which is locked to a clock.And the time code makes everything more regular than live time.Indeed, in real time everything is flexible and variable, on the other hand digital time is like all set in frames.Even though we are able to fix every audio as we want ,which makes it “variable”.However, the audios are still actually being controlled by human beings.The reason why the difference between real time and digital time significant is because the real time precious experience of a moment is being lost when translating to digital time records.

2.What does Krukowski mean when he says that listening has a lot to do with how we navigate space?

Krukowsk says that listening has a lot of to do with how we navigate space,we use our stereo hearing to locate sound around us and map where we are.From my perspective, I suppose what he means is that we can map where we are by hearing the sounds around us and the sounds can guide us to right place.However, this also means we need to pay more attention to hear sounds of the place we are in, otherwise we as if have never been to there. For example, nowadays many people will wear headphones to listen to music or watch movies when taking underground, and some of them might miss the stop they should get off because they can’t hear the train’s broadcast.

Episode 2

1. In the interview at the beginning of the episode, Jeremiah Moss argues that developers in Astor Place are “privatizing public space in a very stealth way.” What does he mean by this? What does Moss say about the distinction between public and private space, and why is it important?

Jeremah Moss argues that developers in Astor Place are “privatizing public space in a very stealth way”.What he means is that Astor Place should be a place for people to protest and express their opinions, but the companies now are controlling these areas.Private security guards walk around, they set a bunches of rules to limit people’s activities there such as forbidding skateboarding.It’s quite important because people lost the rights to do what they want in public spaces,and it’s not correct that private companies take those public spaces.

2.What is the significance of Emily Thompson’s idea that the development of concert halls arose from desires to “control interior spaces”? How is this desire, according to Krukowski, related to earbuds and headphones?

Emily Thompson indicates his idea that the development of concert halls arose from desires to “control interior spaces” is pretty significant because of the cause of high volume sounds.As our technology develops, there are more and more technologies with loud noise emerged such as trains ,vehicles and machines with motor or engine.With these noises, people are hard to focus on their work or study,therefore they design headphones ,earbuds and headphones to control the sounds of what they hear, which can also help people to build up their own private spaces.According to Krukowski, the idea of designing headphones and earbuds came from the idea of concerts hall.

3.In your own opinion, what are the key ideas from this episode about the relationship between sound and space? What strikes you as interesting about the ways that sound influences our experience of space

As far as I am concerned, I suppose the main point of episode 2 is that nowadays due to the development of technology, many types of noises have arisen, and people would like to control the sounds they hear and build up their private sounds space.What strikes me as interesting about the ways that sound influences our experience of space is that I didn’t realize why do more and more people wear headphones or earphones when walking in streets or taking public transportation before hearing the Way of Hearing Episode 2.And now I understand that it’s because as technology develops,more and more noises show up either, therefore people need headphones to build up a private sound space which can make them feel safe and comfortable.

Ways of Hearing, Episode 1 & 2

Episode 1

1. What is Krukowski’s main point about how we experience time in the “real” world versus are experiences with “digital” time? Why are these differences significant?

Real time as the name implies is lived time, time as we experience it in analogy world. Digital time is not lived time, it is machine time. It is locked to a clock. And that clock a time code —-makes everything more regular than live time. These are important because  now a lot of real people who live in the digital world feel this is real life. When people live in real time, they enjoy the time and feel that they feel. However, when people live in the digital life, we are like machines, no feeling, no emotion. 

2. What does Krukowski mean when he says that listening has a lot to do with how we navigate space?

 I  feel this could be positive and negative. When we listen, sometimes our brains are working with what we are listening to. If we are listening to an old song, music or have communication, it can bring us back for that moment, or imagine we are at that  time. This causes our brains to think, and we feel to be personally on the scene. However, when we are listening to something, sometimes we forget who we are, and forget about what surrounds us. We are losing. Listening can put us together, also, can separate us. 

Episode 2

1. In the interview at the beginning of the episode, Jeremiah Moss argues that developers in Astor Place are “privatizing public space in a very stealth way.” What does he mean by this? What does Moss say about the distinction between public and private space, and why is it important?

A public space is a place that is open and accessible to people. Such as parks, libraries,  beaches…..everybody can enjoy or share public spaces. However, now a lot of people use these public spaces to be private. People prefer to use public spaces, they feel they have to. People think that everyone has the right to use these public Spaces because he is a public space. Under the manipulation of this idea, public space is thus legitimately occupied

1. What is the significance of Emily Thompson’s idea that the development of concert halls arose from desires to “control interior spaces”? How is this desire, according to Krukowski, related to earbuds and headphones?

People always say “Music Without Borders” even though sometimes we do not know another language, we can still understand or feel with music that they want to express. When the concert is built or expanded, every concert is large, elegant, and looks very funny. Connecting to “ways of seeing” both have similar ideas. Music and women are objects for the audience. When we listen to music in concert as women are watched by men. People sit in the concert to listen to the music which can demonstrate who they are. They depend on controlling women or music to show how they are or their status. In addition, earbuds and headphones have some ideas. I feel when people wear headphones, they are enjoying music or have private space. However, people who wear headphones separate from others because they are living lonely at that moment, they do not connect with others. 

2.  In your own opinion, what are the key ideas from this episode about the relationship between sound and space? What strikes you as interesting about the ways that sound influences our experience of space

The sound is everywhere, the sound has a sense of hierarchy under the effect of space, and then conveys to you different ideas. People control themselves by controlling sound and space. People like to occupy space so that they can feel their presence. The larger the space, the more the sense of existence. Music is a bridge between each other, and it also separates people. All reasons stem from desire. Women in oil paintings derive from the desires of men. People control sound and space, and bringing people a sense of accomplishment is also a desire.